Since when has the Fifth Republic existed in France?
Since 1958.
What is the basis of the French Republic?
Shared principles, values, and symbols.
What does the Constitution of 1958 organize?
The powers of the Republic.
What does the Constitution of 1958 guarantee?
Rights and freedoms.
What does the Constitution of 1958 prevent?
One power dominating the other two.
Who exercises the executive power in the Fifth Republic?
The President of the Republic and the Prime Minister.
Which institution holds the legislative power in the Fifth Republic?
Parliament.
Who holds the judicial authority in the Fifth Republic?
The courts.
How is the President of the Republic elected?
By universal suffrage for five years.
Who appoints the Prime Minister in the Fifth Republic?
The President of the Republic.
What power does Parliament have regarding laws?
Parliament votes on laws.
What can the President do to the National Assembly?
Dissolve the National Assembly.
Which texts compose the constitutional block?
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen 1789, the 1946 Preamble, the 1958 Constitution, and the 2004 Environmental Charter.
What is the legal status of the constitutional block texts compared to ordinary laws?
They are superior to ordinary laws.
What does a priority question of constitutionality allow in a trial?
It allows challenging a law that may violate constitutional rights and freedoms.
Which language does Article 2 of the 1958 Constitution identify for the Republic?
French
What flag does Article 2 of the 1958 Constitution designate as the national emblem?
The blue-white-red tricolour flag
What is the national anthem according to Article 2 of the 1958 Constitution?
La Marseillaise
What national motto does Article 2 of the 1958 Constitution establish?
Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
What does the principle of presumed knowledge of law prevent?
Avoiding sanctions by claiming ignorance of the law.
What is the first step in the French law-making process?
A law is proposed in Parliament.
Who promulgates a French law after parliamentary approval?
The President.
What principle establishes state neutrality in religious matters?
Secularism
What does secularism guarantee besides state neutrality?
Freedom of conscience and freedom of worship
Which law established the separation of Churches and the State?
The law of 9 December 1905
How does Article 1 of the Constitution describe France?
As an indivisible, secular, democratic and social Republic
What does secularism guarantee regarding access to public services?
Equal access regardless of convictions or beliefs.
Who does the European Parliament represent?
EU citizens.
How many members does the European Parliament have?
720 members.
How often are European Parliament members elected?
Every five years by universal suffrage.
What does the European Parliament adopt with the Council of the European Union?
European laws and the EU budget.
What is the role of the European Commission?
It proposes legislation and ensures treaties are applied.
What does the European Council set for the Union?
The Union’s broad political directions.
What does the Council of the European Union do with Parliament?
Negotiates and adopts laws and the budget.
How does a European regulation apply in member states?
It is binding and applies automatically, simultaneously and uniformly.
What does a European directive require from member states?
To achieve a set result through national law.
What was the first step in the EU directive on single-use plastics process?
A proposal by the Commission.
Which institutions negotiated the EU directive on single-use plastics?
The Council and Parliament.
What happens after the final adoption of an EU directive?
It is transposed into national law.
Who is considered a European citizen?
Anyone holding the nationality of an EU member state.
What additional rights does European citizenship grant?
Access to the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights.
What is the role of the Constitutional Council?
Ensures that laws comply with the Constitution.
To which courts is an admissible QPC referred before the Constitutional Council?
The Court of Cassation or the Council of State.
What happens after a QPC is referred to the Court of Cassation or Council of State?
The Constitutional Council is then seized.
Name one republican symbol besides the flag and anthem.
Marianne
What date is the national celebration of the French Republic?
14 July
When was the law preventing foreign interference promulgated?
On 25 July 2024.
Why did the Administrative Court of Nice suspend the mayor’s burkini ban?
Because no proven risk of disturbance to public order was established.
What are the main functions of the European Central Bank?
Manages the euro and defines monetary policy.
When was the Court of Justice of the European Union created?
1957
Where is the Court of Justice of the European Union based?
Luxembourg
What is the role of the Court of Justice of the European Union?
It ensures respect for EU law.
What does Europe Day commemorate?
The Schuman Declaration of 9 May 1950.
What did the Schuman Declaration propose?
Pooling French and German coal and steel production.
Answer 22 questions on French Republic and European Institutions.
1. Since which year has the Fifth Republic existed?
2. What is a central function of the Constitution of 1958?
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