Advertisements generally act as invitations to treat, not binding offers, unless they specify final, definite terms or constitute unilateral offers.
1. How do advertisements as invitations to treat differ from advertisements that are considered offers?
2. What does a legal offer in contract law primarily represent?
3. Which case emphasizes that an offer must be final and definite to be valid?
Advertisement — invitation or offer?
Generally an invitation to treat, not a binding offer.
Legal ingredients for contract?
Agreement, intention, capacity, consideration.
Offer — final and definite?
Yes, it must be clear and binding upon acceptance.
Invitation to treat — examples?
Shop displays, catalogues, tender notices, auction notices.
Advertisements — exceptions?
When they contain clear, final terms or are unilateral offers.
Acceptance — must be?
Unqualified and matching the offer exactly.
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