Columbian Exchange: The transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and culture between the Old World and the New World following European contact. It involved significant biological and cultural transformations.
Hunter-gatherers: Societies that relied primarily on hunting wild animals and gathering wild plants for sustenance, rather than farming or domestication.
Maize (corn): A staple crop cultivated by many Native American societies, forming the agricultural foundation for their economies and diets.
Theocratic societies: Societies where religious leaders or divine authority play a central role in political governance and societal organization.
Nomadic tribes: Groups that moved seasonally to follow resources, without permanent settlements.
Language families: Groups of related languages that share a common ancestral language, with North and South America containing about twenty such families and nearly 2000 languages spoken.
1. What does the term 'hunter-gatherers' refer to in the context of Native American societies?
2. What was the primary purpose of mercantilism in European colonization efforts?
3. In what year was Jamestown, the first successful English colony in America, established?
Native American societies — diversity?
Highly diverse in culture, language, politics, and economy.
Columbian Exchange — transfer?
Plants, animals, diseases, and culture between Old and New Worlds.
Hunter-gatherers — reliance?
Hunted wild animals and gathered plants for sustenance.
Maize — significance?
Staple crop foundational to many Native societies.
Theocratic societies — role?
Religious leaders central to governance.
Nomadic tribes — movement?
Moved seasonally to follow resources.
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