GEOPO S2

From the study guide

Energy Geopolitics and Climate Policy - Revision Sheet

1. 📌 Essentials

  • Fossil fuels: Oil, gas, coal are primary energy sources, non-renewable, major GHG emitters.
  • Major oil reserves are concentrated in Middle East, Venezuela, Canada, Iran, Iraq; Hormuz Strait transits 20% of global oil.
  • Russia, US, Qatar, Iran dominate global natural gas reserves and production.
  • Europe's energy dependency on Russia exposes supply risks, especially highlighted during Russo-Ukrainian war.
  • Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and UN climate treaties (UNFCCC, COPs) guide global climate action.
  • Paris Agreement (2015): limit warming to below 2°C, pursue 1.5°C; $100 billion Green Fund established.
  • COP26 (2021) commitments: reduce methane emissions (-30%), curb deforestation; coal phase-out incomplete.
  • Major countries’ carbon neutrality targets: US (2050), China (2060), EU (2050), India (2070).
  • Energy transition requires ~$61 trillion investment globally by 2050; China leads green finance.
  • IPCC provides scientific assessments forecasting climate impacts and guiding policy.

2. 🧩 Key Structures & Components

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Practice quiz preview

1. What is the main reason energy resource control influences geopolitics according to the course summary?

2. Which of the following best describes the current global focus of energy demand growth as detailed in the course?

3. According to the course, what is one of the key objectives of the Paris Agreement adopted during COP21?

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Flashcard preview

Geopolitics — role?

Study of power via geography and resources.

Fossil fuels — share?

Oil 31%, Gas 23%, Coal 26%.

Hormuz Strait — significance?

Carries 20% of global oil (~18 mb/d, 2020).

Fossil fuels — main types?

Oil, gas, coal; non-renewable, major GHG sources.

Major oil reserve regions?

Middle East, Venezuela, Canada, Iran, Iraq.

Hormuz Strait — significance?

Transits 20% of global oil.

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The practice quiz has 10 multiple-choice questions, each with an explanation. Use it to check what you know and find your gaps.

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