★ Must-know
Ilaya communities are commonly home to Indigenous groups who live close to nature and adapt to highland environments.
Examples of Ilaya groups are the Ifugao, Kalinga, Bontoc, Mangyan, and Manobo.
Further detail
The natural environments associated with Ilaya include forests, minerals, and spring water.
Each listed Ilaya group has distinctive language, art, and customs shaped by its environment.
1. Which location best describes an Ilaya community?
2. Which group is an example of an Ilaya community?
3. Why are Ilaya communities commonly associated with Indigenous groups living close to nature?
What does Ilaya refer to in terms of community location?
Communities in mountains, hills, and river headwaters far from coasts and plains.
Who commonly lives in Ilaya communities?
Indigenous groups living close to nature and adapting to highland environments.
What natural environments are associated with Ilaya?
Forests, minerals, and spring water.
Name some examples of Ilaya groups.
Ifugao, Kalinga, Bontoc, Mangyan, and Manobo.
What shapes the distinctive language, art, and customs of Ilaya groups?
Their environment.
How do Ilaya farmers cultivate rice fields in the mountains?
They use terraced rice fields suited to narrow highland land.
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