Kantian ethics — universal law?
Morality depends on whether the action can be universally willed.
Human dignity — moral duty?
Treat persons as ends, not merely as means.
Universalisation (Kantian ethics)
Would I want everyone to do this?筒
Deontological ethics
Morality depends on duty, not outcomes.
Human dignity
Treat everyone as having own interests, not merely tools.
Moral duty (Kant)
Act according to reason, regardless of personal gain.
Kantian strength
Protects individual rights and rational moral law.
Kant criticism
Ignores emotions and consequences in moral decisions.
Virtue ethics focus
Character development and virtues over rules.
Answer 9 questions on Moral Philosophy: Kant and Virtue Ethics.
1. What does Kant’s universalisation test ask you to consider before judging an action morally right?
2. Why does Kant reject the idea that consequences decide whether an action is right?
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