1. What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics?
2. Which generation of cephalosporins is most effective against resistant Gram-negative bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
3. What is a common resistance mechanism that reduces the efficacy of beta-lactam antibiotics?
Beta-lactam family — definition?
Includes penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams.
Mechanism — action?
Bind PBPs, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis.
Penicillins — spectrum?
Gram-positive cocci, Treponema.
Beta-lactam antibiotics — core structure?
Beta-lactam ring essential for activity.
Penicillins — primary target?
Gram-positive cocci, Treponema.
Beta-lactam mechanism?
Bind PBPs, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis.
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