Etiopathogenesis — definition?
Study of disease causes and mechanisms.
Etiology classification — types?
Primary, secondary, tertiary causes.
Primary causes — examples?
Genetic, congenital, pathological, nutritional.
Genetic causes — key genes?
MSX1, TWIST, FGFR1, IRF6, PAX9.
Congenital causes — teratogens?
Alcohol, drugs, tobacco, radiation, hyperthermia.
Pathological causes — examples?
Endocrine disorders, infections like syphilis.
Nutritional deficiencies — impact?
Impair osteogenesis, odontogenesis, eruption.
Genetic theory — main idea?
Form determines function; deformities cause dysfunctions.
Functional theory — main idea?
Function creates form; disorders lead to anomalies.
Synthetic theory — concept?
Genetic, environmental, epigenetic factors influence growth.
Hereditary causes — evidence?
Family studies, twin observations show inheritance.
Teratogenic impact?
Exposure during embryogenesis causes anomalies.
Endocrine diseases — effect?
Alter craniofacial growth and development.
Nutritional deficits — key nutrients?
Calcium, vitamins A, C, D.
Answer 6 questions on Etiopathogenesis of Craniofacial Anomalies.
1. What is the primary focus of etiopathogenesis as defined in medical sciences?
2. What is the primary purpose of classifying etiologies into primary, secondary, and tertiary causes?
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