Cell discovery — who?
Robert Hooke observed cells in 1665.
Microscope types — two?
Light and electron microscopes.
Cell membrane — role?
Protects cell and controls substance passage.
Osmosis — mechanism?
Water diffuses across a membrane from dilute to concentrated.
Nucleus — function?
Houses DNA and controls cell activities.
Chromatin vs chromosomes — difference?
Chromatin is uncondensed DNA; chromosomes are condensed during division.
Ribosomes — role?
Synthesise proteins in the cell.
Rough ER — function?
Synthesises and secretes proteins.
Mitochondria — function?
Produce ATP via cellular respiration.
Chloroplasts — role?
Carry out photosynthesis, produce sugars.
Mitosis — outcome?
Two identical daughter cells.
Meiosis — outcome?
Four genetically diverse gametes with half chromosomes.
Answer 12 questions on Fundamentals of Cell Structure and Division.
1. What happens to potato cells when they are placed in salt or sugar solution for about an hour?
2. What is the main function of ribosomes in a cell?
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