DSM-5 definition of mental disorder: A mental disorder is described as “a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning.” This definition emphasizes that mental disorders are not merely deviations from typical behavior but involve disturbances that are significant enough to impact functioning and are rooted in underlying processes.
Precision psychiatry: This approach focuses on identifying biological correlates of mental disorders to tailor treatments more effectively. By understanding the specific biological factors involved, treatments can be customized to the individual’s unique biological profile, enhancing efficacy and reducing trial-and-error in treatment selection.
1. What is the primary purpose of defining a mental disorder according to the DSM-5?
2. Who is credited with proposing the concept of biological correlates in mental disorders?
3. According to the DSM-5, which of the following best characterizes a mental disorder?
Mental disorder — definition?
Significant dysfunction in cognition, emotion, or behavior.
Biological correlates — role?
Help tailor personalized treatments based on brain and genetic factors.
DSM-5 — definition?
Disorder with significant cognitive, emotional, or behavioral disturbance.
Biological correlates — role?
Identify brain and chemistry differences linked to disorders.
Autism Spectrum Disorder — core features?
Social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors.
ADHD — primary characteristics?
Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity.
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