Osteoporosis: A condition where bones become brittle due to loss of bone tissue, often resulting from natural aging, deficiencies of vitamin D or calcium, and hormonal changes. It leads to decreased bone density and increased fracture risk. (Page 1)
Rickets: A skeletal disease in children characterized by softened bones caused by vitamin D deficiency, which impairs calcium and phosphate absorption. It results in deformities such as bowed legs and pelvic deformities. (Page 3)
Osteomalacia: Softening and decalcification of bones in adults caused by vitamin D or calcium deficiency, similar to rickets but occurring in mature bones. (Page 3)
Osteoarthritis: Degeneration of joint cartilage and underlying bone, leading to swelling, pain, inflammation, and loss of movement. It may involve bone spurs and narrowing of joint space. (Page 3)
1. When was the role of vitamin D in preventing rickets officially established through scientific publication?
2. What is osteoporosis primarily characterized by?
3. Which nutrient deficiency is most commonly associated with the development of rickets in children?
Osteoporosis — definition?
Bone brittleness due to tissue loss.
Risk factors for osteoporosis?
Aging, hormonal changes, deficiencies, lifestyle.
Osteoporosis — definition?
Bones become brittle and fragile due to tissue loss.
Risks for osteoporosis?
Age, gender, vitamin D deficiency, hormonal changes, inactivity.
Rickets — cause?
Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium and phosphate absorption.
Osteomalacia — key feature?
Bone softening in adults due to vitamin D deficiency.
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