Enzyme modes of action: The specific ways enzymes facilitate biochemical reactions by lowering activation energy, primarily through the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex. (implied from context)
Enzyme-substrate complex: An intermediate formed when the substrate binds to the enzyme's active site, enabling the reaction to proceed more efficiently. (implied from context)
Lock-and-key model: A hypothesis describing enzyme action where the enzyme's active site and the substrate have complementary shapes, fitting together perfectly without change in enzyme structure. (hypothesized as a model of enzyme-substrate interaction)
Induced fit model: A hypothesis proposing that the binding of substrate induces a conformational change in the enzyme, resulting in a better fit between enzyme and substrate, thus facilitating the reaction. (hypothesized as a model of enzyme-substrate interaction)
1. Who is credited with proposing the induced fit model of enzyme action?
2. When was the lock-and-key model of enzyme action first proposed?
3. What is an enzyme primarily considered to be in biochemical reactions?
Enzyme modes of action
Lower activation energy via substrate binding.
Enzyme-substrate complex
Intermediate formed during catalysis.
Lock-and-key model
Active site and substrate are complementary.
Induced fit model
Enzyme changes shape upon substrate binding.
Factors influencing activity
Substrate, temperature, pH, inhibitors.
Substrate saturation
All active sites occupied; max rate.
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