Endosymbiosis — evidence?
Organelle DNA, double membranes, bacterial size, division, ribosomes.
Water — property?
Forms hydrogen bonds, acts as solvent, exhibits cohesion and density anomalies.
Macromolecules — composition?
Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids; built from monomers.
Endosymbiosis — definition?
Organism engulfs another, forming symbiosis.
Mitochondria & chloroplasts — origin?
Derived from free-living bacteria.
Membrane layers — significance?
Double membranes indicate engulfing event.
Circular chromosome — presence?
Both organelles contain bacterial-like DNA.
Division method — mitochondria/chloroplasts?
Divide independently via binary fission.
Ribosome size in organelles?
70S, similar to bacteria.
Endosymbiosis — importance?
Explains origin of energy and photosynthesis organelles.
Answer 10 questions on Fundamentals of Biological Chemistry.
1. What does the process of endosymbiosis refer to in cell evolution?
2. How are macromolecules and water similar or different in their composition and bonding?
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