Cell membrane: The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining a controlled environment for cellular activities.
Nucleus: (Not explicitly defined in the source content, but generally known as the control center of the cell, containing genetic material.)
Mitochondria: The site of aerobic respiration, mitochondria release energy necessary for various cell functions.
Ribosomes: Responsible for protein synthesis, ribosomes produce proteins essential for cell structure and function.
Chloroplasts: Found in plant cells, chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.
Cell wall: (Not explicitly defined in the source content, but typically provides structural support and protection to the cell.)
1. What nickname is commonly used to describe mitochondria due to their role in energy production?
2. How does the presence and activity of enzymes in digestion impact the process?
3. In the process of digestion, which enzyme acts first to break down its substrate?
Cell membrane — role?
Controls substance movement in/out of cell
Mitochondria — function?
Site of energy release via respiration
Biological molecules — main types?
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals
Enzymes — mechanism?
Speed up reactions via active sites
Photosynthesis — purpose?
Convert light into chemical energy in plants
Xylem — transports?
Water and mineral ions from roots to leaves
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