Fundamentals of Light, Metals, and Nutrition

📋 Course Outline

1. Nutrients and Energy
2. Digestive System
3. Combustion and Atmosphere
4. Metals and Rusting
5. Periodic Table
6. Light and Reflection
7. Refraction of Light
8. Biological Absorption
9. Chemical and Physical Changes
10. Optical Image Formation

📖 1. Nutrients and Energy

🔑 Key Concepts & Definitions

• Nutrients: Substances in food that are essential for growth, energy, and maintaining body functions. Main types include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
• Energy: The capacity to do work, measured in kilojoules (kJ) in food. Derived from nutrients, primarily carbohydrates and fats.
• Carbohydrates: Nutrients that provide quick energy; found in bread, rice, and potatoes.
• Proteins: Nutrients essential for growth and repair of tissues; found in meat, eggs, and beans.
• Fats: Nutrients that provide concentrated energy and insulation; found in butter, oils, and nuts.
• Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients needed in small amounts for various body functions; e.g., Vitamin C for immunity, Calcium for bones.

📝 Essential Points