Observation (method of gathering data): The process of using the senses or tools to collect information about the environment or phenomena. It involves carefully noting details that can inform further investigation.
Formulating a question based on observations: Developing a specific, clear question that arises from initial observations. This question guides the direction of the investigation and helps identify what needs to be studied.
Identifying a problem to investigate: Recognizing an issue or curiosity that requires explanation or understanding, often stemming from observations and questions. It sets the focus for the scientific inquiry.
1. What is a primary cause of obtaining valid and reliable results in a scientific investigation?
2. Who is credited with developing the foundational principles of controlling variables and randomization in experimental design?
3. What is the primary role of data collection in the process of data analysis?
Scientific method — first step?
Observation of phenomena.
Experimental design — purpose?
Test hypotheses systematically.
Data collection — types?
Qualitative and quantitative.
Variables — key types?
Independent, dependent, controlled.
Hypothesis — role?
Predicts relationship between variables.
Results interpretation — goal?
Draw meaningful conclusions.
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