Metallic appearance — reason?
Reflects light due to free electrons.
Good conductors of heat — example?
Metals like copper and aluminum.
Pure metals — typical property?
Soft and malleable.
Impurities — effect on metals?
Increase strength and durability.
Precious metals — examples?
Gold, silver, platinum.
Bronze cramps — use?
Ancient metal fasteners in architecture.
Wrought iron chains — purpose?
Support masonry vaults.
Iron Bridge — significance?
First all-metal cast iron structure.
Bessemer process — function?
Removes impurities from molten iron.
Open-Hearth process — developed?
1868, for high-quality steel.
Alloying metals — purpose?
Enhance strength and corrosion resistance.
Heat treatment — includes?
Tempering and annealing.
Cold-working metals — methods?
Rolling and drawing.
Anodizing — applied to?
Aluminum surfaces for corrosion resistance.
Electroplating — purpose?
Coat metals with protective layer.
Galvanizing — coating?
Zinc on steel for corrosion protection.
Common steel shapes?
I-beams, channels, angles.
Steel in construction?
Provides strength and flexibility.
Steel joining methods?
Welding, bolting, riveting.
Steel fire resistance — enhancement?
Protective coatings or encasements.
Answer 10 questions on Metal and Steel Fundamentals.
1. How are steel structural shapes typically applied in construction practice?
2. What is a key feature of welding as a steel joining method?
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