Plant cell — basic unit?
Structural and functional unit of plants.
Protoplast — definition?
Cell without its cell wall, includes plasma membrane and cytoplasm.
Protoplasm — composition?
Living substance within the protoplast, includes cytoplasm and organelles.
Plant cell wall — main component?
Carbohydrate network mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins.
Cellulose — role?
Provides tensile strength in the cell wall.
Membrane model — proposed by?
Singer and Nicolson's fluid mosaic model.
Lipids in membrane — main types?
Phospholipids and glycolipids.
Membrane asymmetry — significance?
Affects protein localization and membrane functions.
Membrane phases — two states?
Gel (solid) and liquid (fluid) phases.
Transition temperature — abbreviation?
Tc; temperature at phase change.
Factors affecting Tc?
Temperature, pressure, pH, ion concentration.
Plants maintain fluidity — how?
By increasing unsaturated fatty acids.
Membrane proteins — types?
Integral and peripheral proteins.
H+ ATPase — function?
Transports protons, creates electrochemical gradient.
Cell wall — main polysaccharide?
Cellulose.
Vacuole — primary role?
Storage, maintaining pH, osmotic balance.
Answer 8 questions on Plant Cell Structure and Membrane Dynamics.
1. How does the plant cell wall differ from the protoplast in structure and function?
2. What best describes the primary composition of the cell membrane?
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