The Basics of Atomic Chemistry

From the study guide

Course Outline

  1. Atomic Structure and Subatomic Particles
  2. Atomic Number and Mass Number
  3. Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
  4. Elements, Compounds and Molecules
  5. Mixtures and Their Types
  6. Separation Techniques

1. Atomic Structure and Subatomic Particles

Key Concepts & Definitions

  • Atom: the smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element

Essential Points

  • A proton is located in :

    • the nucleus

    • has relative charge +1

    • has relative mass 1

  • A neutron is located in :

    • the nucleus

    • has neutral relative charge

    • has relative mass 1

  • An electron is located in :

    • an energy level

    • has relative charge −1

    • has relative mass 1/1,840

📌 An atom is neutral because it contains equal numbers of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons.

Memory Hook

The nucleus holds massive protons and neutrons, whereas the energy levels hold tiny electrons.

2. Atomic Number and Mass Number

Key Concepts & Definitions

  • Atomic number: the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element
  • Mass number: the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of that element
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Practice quiz preview

1. Regarding protons, which of the following statements are correct?

2. The characteristics of electrons include:

3. Concerning atomic number, select the correct statement or statements:

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Flashcard preview

What is an atom in terms of element properties?

The smallest part of an element that retains its properties.

Why is an atom electrically neutral?

Because it has equal numbers of protons and electrons.

What is the atomic number of an element?

The number of protons in its nucleus.

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

Subtract the atomic number from the mass number.

Atom: smallest particle of an element

Maintains the element's properties

Proton location and charge

Nucleus, +1 charge

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