Transition Metal Complexes and Bonding

From the study guide

Course Outline

  1. Transition metals and complexes
  2. Spectrochemical series and crystal field theory
  3. Molecular orbital theory and SALCs
  4. Octahedral sigma-donor complexes
  5. Ligand field splitting and electron count
  6. 18-electron rule and square planar complexes
  7. Electron counting methods
  8. Organometallic synthesis routes
  9. CO bonding and IR shifts
  10. Ligand hapticity and bridging modes

1. Transition metals and complexes

Key Concepts & Definitions

  • Transition metal complex: A transition metal complex is a bonding interaction between a Lewis acid metal centre and a Lewis base ligand.
  • Lewis acid Lewis base view: In the Lewis acid–base view, the metal accepts electron density while the ligand donates it to form coordinate bonding.
  • Oxidation state of metal: The formal oxidation state of the metal centre is a bookkeeping charge used to characterise electron density and counting.
  • d n electron count: The d n count is the number of d electrons on the metal after applying the formal oxidation state.
  • Coordination number and shape: Coordination number and shape describe the ligand arrangement around the metal centre that determines which orbitals interact.

Essential Points

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Practice quiz preview

1. In a transition metal complex, what best describes the bonding interaction between the metal centre and the ligand?

2. Which set of descriptors is used to characterise a transition metal complex?

3. What does the spectrochemical series rank?

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Flashcard preview

Transition metal complex — definition?

Bonding between a metal and ligands via coordinate bonds.

Spectrochemical series — role?

Ranks ligands by ligand field splitting strength.

Transition metal complex

Bond between metal and ligands

Lewis acid-ligand view

Metal accepts electrons, ligand donates

d n electron count

Number of d electrons after oxidation state adjustment

Spectrochemical series order

I− < Br− < S2− < Cl− < F−... < CO

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