Weather — definition?
Short-term atmospheric conditions at a specific time and place.
Climate — definition?
Long-term average of weather patterns over years in a region.
Climate factors — main ones?
Latitude, elevation, relief, proximity to water.
Latitude — effect on climate?
Determines sun ray angle; closer to equator = warmer.
Ocean currents — warm or cold?
Transport heat; warm currents raise, cold currents lower coastal temperatures.
Gulf Stream — role?
A warm current influencing North America and Europe’s climate.
Winds — influence?
Drive weather systems; affected by air pressure differences.
Air masses — types?
Maritime (moist) and continental (dry).
Jet stream — function?
Moves weather systems across large regions at high altitude.
Relief — impact?
Mountains cause rain shadows, affecting precipitation.
Answer 5 questions on Understanding Weather and Climate.
1. How can knowledge of ocean currents be applied to predict weather phenomena along coastal regions?
2. Which climate factor is generally understood to have been recognized first for its long-term influence on regional climate patterns?
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