Cardiac Electrical Physiology and Arrhythmias

From the study guide

Course Outline

  1. Conduction Pathway
  2. Cardiac Action Potential
  3. Refractory Periods
  4. Excitation–Contraction Coupling
  5. SA Node Pacemaker
  6. ECG Waves and Intervals
  7. ECG Vector Principles
  8. Cardiac Axis Deviations
  9. Arrhythmias and Causes
  10. Channelopathies and QT Prolongation
  11. Hyperkalaemia Effects

1. Conduction Pathway

Key Concepts & Definitions

  • Conduction Pathway: The sequence of electrical activation in the heart, ensuring coordinated contraction.
  • SA Node (Sinoatrial Node): The heart's natural pacemaker that initiates electrical impulses, setting the rhythm.
  • Atrial Conduction: Spread of electrical activity through the atria, leading to atrial contraction.
  • AV Node (Atrioventricular Node): Delays conduction to allow atrial contraction before ventricles contract.
  • Bundle of His: The pathway transmitting impulses from AV node to bundle branches.
  • Bundle Branches: Right and left pathways that conduct impulses to respective ventricles.
  • Purkinje Fibers: Network of fibers that rapidly distribute impulses throughout the ventricles, causing synchronized contraction.

Essential Points

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Practice quiz preview

1. What is the conduction pathway in the heart?

2. During which ionic movement does Phase 0 of the cardiac action potential primarily occur?

3. What is the primary role of refractory periods in cardiac electrophysiology?

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Flashcard preview

Refractory periods — purpose?

Prevent premature contractions and re-entry arrhythmias.

Conduction pathway — sequence?

SA node → atria → AV node → Bundle of His → bundle branches → Purkinje fibers.

Cardiac action potential — phase 2?

Plateau phase due to CaÂČâș influx balancing Kâș efflux.

Conduction pathway order?

SA node, atria, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers, ventricles.

SA node — role?

Heart's natural pacemaker, initiates impulses.

Atrial conduction — function?

spreads electrical activity through atria.

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