Malignant ovarian tumors are the second most common gynecologic malignancy after endometrial cancer and are the deadliest gynecologic malignancies.
The lifetime risk of ovarian cancer is about 1 in 70 women, with peak incidence between 50 and 70 years of age.
About 90% of ovarian malignancies arise from the surface epithelium, while the ovary also contains germ cells and stromal cells.
Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at stages IIIāIV because tumor cells spread through the peritoneal cavity before clear symptoms appear.
Common after endometrial cancer, but deadliest among gynecologic malignancies
1. What is the epidemiologic relationship between malignant ovarian tumors and other gynecologic malignancies?
2. Why are ovarian cancers frequently diagnosed at stages IIIāIV?
3. Which group correctly lists the principal epithelial ovarian tumor types?
What is the rank of malignant ovarian tumors among gynecologic malignancies?
They are the second most common gynecologic malignancy after endometrial cancer.
What is the lifetime risk of ovarian cancer in women?
About 1 in 70 women develop ovarian cancer in their lifetime.
What are the main WHO 2020 categories of malignant ovarian tumors?
Epithelial tumors, germ-cell tumors, sex-cord stromal tumors, and metastatic tumors.
How do high-grade and low-grade serous carcinomas differ genetically?
High-grade has TP53 mutation; low-grade has KRAS or BRAF mutation.
Ovarian tumor risk factors?
BRCA mutations, Lynch syndrome, family history, nulliparity, early menarche, late menopause, endometriosis, obesity, hormone therapy.
Most common ovarian tumor type?
Epithelial tumors at 90%.
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