Systemic hypertension — definition?
Persistent high pressure in systemic arteries.
Primary hypertension — cause?
Idiopathic, no identifiable underlying disease.
Secondary hypertension — cause?
Result of specific underlying disease.
Target organ damage — systems affected?
Ocular, renal, cardiac, neurologic.
Signs of TOD — common?
Retinopathy, azotemia, seizures, murmurs.
Start treatment — BP threshold?
SBP >160 mm Hg with active TOD.
Dog first-line therapy — drug?
ACE inhibitors like enalapril or benazepril.
Dog second-line options — drugs?
Telmisartan, amlodipine, beta-blockers, alpha-blockers.
Cat first-line therapy — drug?
Amlodipine or telmisartan.
Cat recheck timing — amlodipine?
3-5 days after starting.
Cat recheck timing — telmisartan?
7-10 days after starting.
RAAS activation — effect?
Can cause cardiac fibrosis, salt/water retention.
Answer 12 questions on Veterinary Hypertension Management.
1. What best describes secondary hypertension in dogs and cats?
2. Which disease is most commonly associated with systemic hypertension in dogs and cats?
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