Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics in Biology

From the study guide

Bioenergetics Revision Sheet

1. 📌 Essentials

  • Life relies on extraction, transformation, and dissipation within cells- Systems: open (exchange matter/energy), closed (energy only), isolated (no exchange).
  • First law: energy conserved; ΔU = Q + W.
  • Enthalpy (H): heat exchange at constant pressure; ΔH > 0 endothermic, ΔH < 0 exothermic.
  • Spontaneous reactions: ΔG < 0; depend on ΔH and ΔS.
  • Entropy (S): measure of disorder; increases in spontaneous processes.
  • Gibbs free energy (G): ΔG = ΔH - T ΔS; determines reaction spontaneity.
  • Equilibrium: ΔG = 0; ΔG° relates to equilibrium constant K.
  • Redox reactions: electron transfer; characterized by reduction potentials (E°).
  • Energy forms: caloric, electrical, chemical, nuclear, mechanical.
  • Biological systems are open thermodynamic systems constantly exchanging energy and matter.

2. 🧩 Key Structures & Components

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Practice quiz preview

1. According to the second law of thermodynamics, what is the trend of entropy in the universe?

2. What is the primary focus of bioenergetics within cellular metabolism?

3. Which statement accurately describes an open system in biological thermodynamics?

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Flashcard preview

System types — examples?

Open, closed, isolated systems

ΔG — sign for spontaneous?

Negative ΔG indicates spontaneity

Bioenergetics — focus?

Energy exchange, transformation, thermodynamics in biology

Life's energy processes?

Extraction, transformation, dissipation.

Open vs closed systems?

Open: matter and energy exchange.

First law of thermodynamics?

Energy conserved; ΔU = Q + W.

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What does the Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics in Biology study guide cover?

It covers the core concepts of Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics in Biology, organized by topic with the key definitions, explanations and takeaways, so it's easier to learn and remember.

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The practice quiz has 9 multiple-choice questions, each with an explanation. Use it to check what you know and find your gaps.

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