Fundamentals of Living Organisms

From the study guide

Course Outline

  1. Characteristics and classification of living organisms
  2. Cell structure, organelles, and biological molecules
  3. Movement of substances, nutrition, and respiration in organisms
  4. Gas exchange, transport systems, and excretion in plants and animals
  5. Coordination, response, and homeostasis in living organisms
  6. Reproduction, inheritance, and genetic variation
  7. Ecology: populations, communities, ecosystems, and environmental factors
  8. Use of biological resources: food production, selective breeding, and genetic modification

1. Characteristics and classification of living organisms

Key Concepts & Definitions

  • Excretion: The removal of metabolic waste products from the organism.
  • Pathogen: A microorganism that causes disease, including fungi, bacteria, protoctists, and viruses.
  • Living Organisms: The Nature and Variety of Living Organisms 2.

Essential Points

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Practice quiz preview

1. What is the primary role of aerobic respiration in organisms?

2. What is the primary function of homeostasis in living organisms?

3. What is the primary function of alveoli in the lungs?

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Flashcard preview

Characteristics of living organisms

Carry out nutrition, respiration, excretion, sensitivity, movement, control, reproduction, growth.

Cell structure — role?

Organelles perform specific functions within the cell.

Biological molecules — types?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins.

Diffusion — process?

Particles move from high to low concentration without energy.

Active transport — mechanism?

Moves substances against concentration gradient using energy.

Gas exchange in alveoli

Oxygen diffuses in, carbon dioxide diffuses out.

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The practice quiz has 8 multiple-choice questions, each with an explanation. Use it to check what you know and find your gaps.

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