Characteristics of living organisms
Carry out nutrition, respiration, excretion, sensitivity, movement, control, reproduction, growth.
Cell structure — role?
Organelles perform specific functions within the cell.
Biological molecules — types?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins.
Diffusion — process?
Particles move from high to low concentration without energy.
Active transport — mechanism?
Moves substances against concentration gradient using energy.
Gas exchange in alveoli
Oxygen diffuses in, carbon dioxide diffuses out.
Transport system — function?
Move substances within organisms efficiently.
Homeostasis — purpose?
Maintain stable internal conditions.
Reproduction types
Sexual involves two parents; asexual involves one.
Genetic inheritance — basis?
Genes on chromosomes determine traits.
Population — definition?
Individuals of same species in area.
Ecosystem — components?
Community plus physical environment.
Abiotic factor — example?
Light, temperature, water.
Selective breeding — goal?
Enhance desired traits in plants and animals.
Genetic modification — method?
Transfer genes between species using enzymes.
Viruses — key fact?
Not living; reproduce inside host cells.
Answer 8 questions on Fundamentals of Living Organisms.
1. What is the primary role of aerobic respiration in organisms?
2. What is the primary function of homeostasis in living organisms?
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