What is a tissue?
A group of cells with similar structure and function.
What is an organ?
A group of tissues working together for a specific function.
What is an organ system?
A group of organs working together to form an organism.
What are the three main nutrients in food?
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
What prevents carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids from entering the bloodstream directly?
Their molecules are too large to be absorbed without digestion.
What do enzymes do to large food molecules during digestion?
They break them into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.
What does chewing do to food in the mouth?
It breaks food into smaller pieces.
What do salivary enzymes begin digesting?
Starch into smaller sugar molecules.
What digestion do stomach enzymes begin?
The digestion of proteins.
How does hydrochloric acid help stomach enzymes?
It helps them digest proteins.
What does stomach muscle churning turn food into?
A fluid.
How does stomach churning affect enzyme digestion?
It increases the available surface area.
Where does the liver release bile, and what does bile do there?
Bile speeds lipid digestion and neutralizes stomach acid in the small intestine.
Which digestion processes do pancreatic enzymes continue or begin in the small intestine?
They continue starch and protein digestion and begin lipid digestion.
How are small food molecules absorbed from the small intestine?
By diffusion or active transport into the bloodstream.
Where do small molecules produced by digestion enter the bloodstream?
In the small intestine.
What is absorbed into the bloodstream as fluid passes through the large intestine?
Water.
What does the body build from products of digestion?
New carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
Why can muscle cells contract?
They contain protein fibres that can change length.
How do muscle cells get energy for contraction?
Their many mitochondria provide the energy.
Which tissues are found in the stomach?
Muscle tissue and glandular tissue.
What does the stomach’s glandular tissue release?
Enzymes.
Where does food pass after the mouth?
Down the oesophagus into the stomach.
How long does food spend in the stomach before entering the small intestine?
Several hours.
Which nutrients do enzymes from the small intestine walls continue digesting?
Proteins and lipids.
Where does fluid pass after leaving the stomach?
Into the small intestine.
Which organs release chemicals into the small intestine?
The liver and pancreas.
When are feces released from the body?
At the end of the digestive process.
What is some glucose produced by digestion used for?
Respiration.
Answer 15 questions on The Digestive System biop1 organisation.
1. Which description defines a tissue?
2. An organ contains two kinds of tissue that work together to carry out one particular job. What level of organization does this represent?
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