Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences?
Howard Gardner.
How does Gardner’s theory characterize intelligence?
As distinct types rather than a single entity.
What eight intelligence types does Gardner’s theory identify?
Linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligence.
How do the intelligence types relate when solving problems?
They are independent but interact and work together.
What is linguistic intelligence?
The ability to use language fluently and flexibly to express thought.
What is linguistic intelligence also called?
Being word smart.
What is logical-mathematical intelligence?
The ability to think logically and critically and solve problems.
What is spatial intelligence?
The ability to form, use, and transform mental images and patterns.
What is musical intelligence?
The ability to manipulate, create, and produce musical rhythms and patterns.
What is bodily-kinesthetic intelligence?
The ability to use the whole body or part of it flexibly and creatively.
What is interpersonal intelligence?
The ability to understand other people’s behavior, motives, and feelings.
What does intrapersonal intelligence enable a person to understand?
Their own feelings, motives, and desires.
What does naturalistic intelligence enable a person to identify and appreciate?
Features of the natural world and the beauty of flora and fauna.
Which people did Gardner study when developing his theory?
Highly talented people with exceptional abilities in their respective areas.
What kind of abilities did Gardner’s studied individuals show?
Exceptional abilities in their respective areas.
What does linguistic intelligence help people express clearly?
Thoughts, emotions, and complex ideas.
What does linguistic intelligence enable people to notice and create mentally?
Shades of word meaning and linguistic images.
Which people are associated with linguistic intelligence?
Poets and writers.
What does logical-mathematical intelligence involve when solving mathematical problems?
Abstract reasoning and symbol manipulation.
Which people are associated with logical-mathematical intelligence?
Scientists.
What does spatial intelligence enable a person to represent mentally?
The spatial world.
Which professions are associated with spatial intelligence?
Pilots, sailors, painters, and architects.
What are people with musical intelligence sensitive to?
Sound and vibration.
How does bodily-kinesthetic intelligence use the body?
To construct products, solve problems, and display abilities.
Which people are associated with bodily-kinesthetic intelligence?
Athletes, dancers, actors, and surgeons.
What does interpersonal intelligence help people do?
Form comfortable relationships with others.
Which people are associated with interpersonal intelligence?
Psychologists, counsellors, politicians, and religious leaders.
What personal knowledge helps intrapersonal intelligence support effective relationships?
Knowledge of one’s internal strengths and limitations.
What subjects do people with intrapersonal intelligence have finer sensibilities about?
Their identity, human existence, and the meaning of life.
Which professions are associated with intrapersonal intelligence?
Philosophers and spiritual leaders.
Which occupations are associated with naturalistic intelligence?
Hunters, farmers, tourists, botanists, and zoologists.
Answer 12 questions on Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences.
1. An architect mentally forms a building layout, uses the image to plan its rooms, and then transforms the layout to improve circulation. Which ability is being applied?
2. A researcher critically evaluates an argument, reasons abstractly, and works through a difficult problem. Which intelligence is most directly involved?
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