Foundations of Economics

From the study guide

Course Outline

  1. Course Objectives and Organisation
  2. Economics, Choice and Scarcity
  3. Microeconomic and Macroeconomic Analysis
  4. Opportunity Cost and Rational Choice
  5. Marginal Decisions and Incentives
  6. Economic Models and Scientific Method
  7. Positive and Normative Economics
  8. Markets, Efficiency and Self-Interest

1. Course Objectives and Organisation

Essential Points

  • The course aims to teach economic fundamentals, identify which tools to use, and analyse economic information in the business world.

2. Economics, Choice and Scarcity

Key Concepts & Definitions

  • Economics: The social science that studies how individuals make choices under resource constraints and the optimal allocation of resources.
  • Factors of production: The human, natural and manufactured resources used to produce goods and services.
  • Capital: The sum of the factors of production that had to be brought into play before producing a good or service; its stock is limited and its productivity depends on technology.
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Practice quiz preview

1. Which combination best describes the course’s aims?

2. A student encounters economic data about a business and must decide how to examine it. Which course objective most directly supports this task?

3. What does economics study?

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Flashcard preview

What does economics study about individual choices and resources?

Choice under resource constraints and the optimal allocation of resources.

When does scarcity occur in economic study?

When people’s desires exceed what available resources can produce.

What are factors of production?

Human, natural, and manufactured resources used to produce goods and services.

What does microeconomics study?

Individual economic components and their interactions.

What does macroeconomics study?

The economy as a whole, including aggregates and state or central-bank choices.

What does opportunity cost measure when a choice is made?

The value of the best option given up.

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Frequently asked questions

What does the Foundations of Economics study guide cover?

It covers the core concepts of Foundations of Economics, organized by topic with the key definitions, explanations and takeaways, so it's easier to learn and remember.

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How many questions are in the Foundations of Economics quiz?

The practice quiz has 17 multiple-choice questions, each with an explanation. Use it to check what you know and find your gaps.

Take the quiz (17 questions) →

How do I study Foundations of Economics with flashcards?

There are 38 flashcards on Foundations of Economics, with a question on the front and the answer on the back. Try to recall each answer before you flip, and let spaced repetition bring back the ones you miss.

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