What is a peptic ulcer?
A break in the stomach or duodenal mucosa.
When may a peptic ulcer occur?
When aggressive factors exceed defensive factors.
Which pump do gastrin, histamine, and acetylcholine stimulate to secrete gastric acid?
The H+/K+ ATPase proton pump.
Which second messengers are included in the gastric acid secretion pathway?
Calcium, protein kinases, and cAMP.
Which drugs are H2 antagonists?
Cimetidine, ranitidine, nizatidine, and famotidine.
How do H2 antagonists reduce gastric acid secretion?
They block histamine H2 receptors.
Which antacids are most commonly used?
Magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide.
What is sucralfate composed of, and what does it form over gastric surfaces?
A sucrose sulfate–aluminium hydroxide complex that forms a protective gel.
What does acidic activation of sucralfate leave behind?
Strongly negatively charged sucrose sulfate.
How long after antacid relief may pain return?
After 1–2 hours.
Answer 11 questions on Drugs for Peptic Ulcer.
1. A lesion is identified in the duodenal mucosa. What type of peptic ulcer is it?
2. In a patient, acid and other aggressive influences outweigh the mucosal defenses. What can result from this imbalance?
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