Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Practice Quiz (11 questions)

Explanation

A peptic ulcer in the duodenum is classified as a duodenal ulcer; a gastric ulcer is located in the stomach. The acid-related erosion choice confuses a possible aggressive factor with the ulcer’s location.

Explanation

A peptic ulcer may occur when aggressive factors exceed defensive factors. The strengthened-defenses choice reverses the roles of aggression and protection, while the other choices do not follow from the stated imbalance.

Explanation

The H+/K+ ATPase proton pump in parietal cells is part of the mechanism that secretes gastric acid, so blocking it reduces acid secretion. Mucus production is a defense, while gastrin release and histamine signaling are signaling events rather than the pump’s direct output.

Explanation

The pathway includes H2, M3, M1, and gastrin (CCK) receptors, along with calcium, protein kinases, and cAMP. Mucus and bicarbonate are mucosal defenses, and pepsin is an aggressive factor rather than one of the listed pathway components.

Explanation

H2 antagonists reduce gastric acid secretion by blocking histamine H2 receptors. Proton pump inhibitors act at the H+/K+ ATPase instead, so they reduce secretion through a different mechanism.

Explanation

Antacids neutralize gastric acid for quick relief, but symptoms may return after about 1–2 hours. A longer duration such as 4–6 hours is not the stated period of relief.

Explanation

The adherent gel forms a protective coating over gastric epithelial surfaces, including ulcerated areas, limiting exposure to acid and pepsin. Neutralizing stomach contents is the function of antacids, not sucralfate.

Explanation

Tetracycline binds the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents tRNA from attaching to the A site, whereas clarithromycin binds the 50S subunit and inhibits translocation. The reversed subunit and mechanism pairing is the closest distractor, but it assigns each drug the other’s action.

Explanation

Quadruple therapy combines a proton pump inhibitor and bismuth with metronidazole and tetracycline, providing acid suppression alongside two antibiotics. A regimen that neutralizes acid without antibacterial drugs would not match this combination or its role in treating H. pylori.

Explanation

Smoking and alcohol are listed as aggressive factors, and reducing these risks can be part of peptic ulcer treatment. Eradicating H. pylori may also be appropriate, but it does not address the smoking and alcohol contributors described in the scenario.

Explanation

Gastrin, histamine, and acetylcholine stimulate acid secretion through receptor-mediated signaling pathways involving parietal cells and the proton pump. Prostaglandins and bicarbonate are associated with mucosal protection rather than being the three named stimulators.